The Polish competition authority, known as UOKiK, is celebrating its 35th anniversary, highlighting its significant role in fostering competition and protecting consumer rights since its establishment in 1990. Over the past five years, UOKiK has issued more than 4,800 decisions, demonstrating its commitment to ensuring fair market practices.

UOKiK's journey began after the political transformation in 1989, transitioning from a state-controlled economy to a free market. The initial focus was on preventing monopolistic practices and promoting competition, which was crucial for the economic transformation. The authority was originally named the Antimonopoly Office, which later evolved into UOKiK in 1996, expanding its responsibilities to include consumer protection.

Throughout its history, UOKiK has adapted to changing market conditions and legal frameworks. Key milestones include the introduction of the Competition and Consumer Protection Act in 2001, which aligned national regulations with EU laws. Significant amendments in 2015 and 2023 further enhanced UOKiK's powers, allowing for stricter enforcement against unfair practices and improved consumer rights.

UOKiK has been instrumental in addressing various anticompetitive behaviors, including price-fixing agreements and market manipulation. Notable cases in recent years include penalties imposed on KIA Poland for colluding on car prices and actions against Veolia Polska for market division in heating services. These decisions have not only imposed financial penalties but have also reshaped market dynamics for the benefit of consumers.

In addition to enforcement actions, UOKiK has engaged in consumer education and collaboration with other regulatory bodies. The authority has also been active internationally, participating in European competition networks and contributing to global consumer protection initiatives. UOKiK's ongoing efforts aim to ensure a fair marketplace where consumers can make informed choices.