The Public Agency of the Republic of Slovenia has completed two sector studies under the competition law framework, focusing on the food delivery market via digital platforms and the district heating sector. These studies were prompted by signs of potential competition restrictions in both sectors.

The food delivery market study analyzed the competitive landscape, particularly after the sector's growth during the COVID-19 pandemic. The agency found that consumer habits formed during the pandemic have persisted, leading to ongoing revenue and user growth. The analysis highlighted the dominance of international players like Wolt and Glovo, alongside local companies such as Ehrana and Lakom lačen, with services primarily concentrated in larger urban areas.

Competition law advisors are advised to monitor the competitive dynamics in the food delivery sector, especially regarding the market power of major players and their impact on local businesses. The agency noted a lack of comprehensive regulations governing the food delivery sector, which currently operates under general laws that do not adequately address its unique characteristics. A specific regulatory framework is suggested to ensure fair conditions for all stakeholders, including digital platform operators, food providers, delivery personnel, and consumers.

The study also identified challenges faced by digital platform operators, such as delivery speed, quality, pricing, and order reliability, which are crucial for consumer choice. Operators often use promotions and loyalty rewards to attract users but must ensure compliance with competition law. The agency highlighted that delivery costs significantly influence consumer decisions, prompting operators to lower these costs while maintaining service quality.

In the district heating sector, the agency found that there is no unified market, with each distribution system operating as a separate market due to legal and technical constraints, creating natural monopolies. The study revealed that switching to alternative heating methods is largely unfeasible due to existing legislation and local regulations.

Competition law advisors should closely monitor the practices of heat distributors, as the lack of competition may lead to regulatory scrutiny. The agency identified significant barriers for new heat supply providers, including high entry costs and lengthy bureaucratic processes. Understanding local government dynamics and the associated costs for infrastructure development will be crucial for businesses looking to compete in this sector.

The agency's findings also highlighted challenges in comparing heat prices among different distributors due to distinct market conditions. Advisors are encouraged to advocate for clearer billing practices to enhance consumer awareness of heating costs. The agency is analyzing the district heating markets and may conduct further investigations into potential violations of competition laws in the future.