The Polish competition authority, known as UOKiK, has initiated an investigation into potential cartel behavior among cement manufacturers. This comes after signals emerged suggesting that these companies may have reestablished illegal agreements to fix prices and divide the market, which could lead to increased cement prices and negatively impact the economy.

In 2009, UOKiK had previously identified a cartel among seven cement producers who controlled nearly 100% of the market, engaging in price-fixing and market division for over 11 years. Following reports of renewed collusion, UOKiK officials conducted searches at the offices of six cement companies, including Holcim Polska and Cemex Polska, with police assistance.

UOKiK President Tomasz Chróstny emphasized the seriousness of the situation, noting that cement is a fundamental construction material essential for housing and infrastructure development. A lack of competition and rising prices could hinder strategic projects vital for Poland's growth. The authority is currently analyzing evidence collected during the searches.

The suspected cartel activities may involve price-setting and customer allocation, which would prevent buyers from receiving competitive offers. This could lead to a situation where construction companies are unable to switch suppliers due to existing exclusive agreements with certain cement producers.

During the searches, the companies involved raised legal objections, claiming that communications and documents produced by board members who are also legal advisors should be protected under legal professional privilege. However, UOKiK rejected these claims, asserting that board members cannot be considered independent legal advisors when they are managing the companies in question.

The investigation is currently in the preliminary phase, and if sufficient evidence is gathered, UOKiK may proceed with formal antitrust proceedings against specific companies. Participation in a cartel can result in fines of up to 10% of a company's turnover, while responsible managers could face penalties of up to 2 million PLN. Companies may also benefit from a leniency program that allows them to reduce or avoid fines by cooperating with UOKiK and providing evidence of the cartel.